Les indicateurs du Tableau de Bord
I)Patient Information-Measures
Physical Activity Level
The activity level only impacts the indicator «Energy Expenditure»
This is a coefficient of activity applied to the Basal Metabolism for obtain the overall daily energy expenditure.
Basal Metabolic Rate) x (PAL) = Energy Expenditure
Physical Activity Coefficients (Activity Level)
Very Low : 1.2 / Low : 1.4 / Average : 1.6 / High : 1.8 / Very High : 2
Physical Activity Coefficients (Professional Athletes)
Light Training : 1.6 / Average Training : 1.8 / Intensive Training : 2.2 /
Competitive Level : 2.5 / High Competitive Level : 3
Competitive Level : 2.5 / High Competitive Level : 3
BMI
This is weight divided by height in m squared. If the BMI is between 18.5 and 24.9, it is considered to be within the normal range. Below 18.5 it is too low and above 24.9 it is too high. Between 24. 9 and 30 the BMI indicates a situation of overweight, from 30 we speak of obesity and from 40 of a situation of great obesity.
Warning: It is only a first indicator that can be misleading.
For example, an athlete with a high muscle mass will have a high BMI without having a high fat mass.
If the BMI is too low, it can indicate probability of undernutrition.
Tiles to check in priority:
Crude fat mass or constant hydration—Skeletal muscle mass and/orAppendicular muscle mass —Fat free dry mass —Basal metabolic rate.
Phase angle
It is fundamental data in prevention and follow-up of pathologies. It can also be used to monitor the physical condition of athletes.. From the measured phase angle and impedance value at 50 kHz the reactance is calculated which reflects the amount of cells and the resistance which represents the water volume.
The reactance reflects the quantity of cells, the resistance, the volume of the water compartments and the phase angle the functionality of the cell membrane.
t is a true health indicator used particularly inthe medical field for the follow-up of patientswith serious diseases such as cancer andphysical condition in other cases.
A high phase angle indicates good health, a low phase angle can be a sign of potential health problems.
In young and healthy people, it varies very little. It can decrease due to a temporary poorphysical condition (exposure to hightemperatures, after a flu-like condition . . . ), aswell as during natural phenomena such asageing. When the cell membrane is weakened, its ability to maintain tension thus decreasesthe phase angle.
II)
Synthesis
This part of the dashboard is intended to allowyou to obtain a synthetic photograph of theinterpretation of the measurement beforegoing into the detail of each tile.
The Target
The target is a representation of the body components and the good or poor condition of the body matters.
The beads positioned in the different circles represent the person’s body balance in relation to the reference values.
Theoretical Gaps
Theoretical deviations are used to compare the patient’s values with reference values that take into account gender, height, weight and age. Above the target are three theoretical gaps : Muscle mass, fat mass and Total body water. The values appear in the same color as the target and allow you to immediately visualize a good balance, a deficiency or an excess.
Calculation method:
Fat mass kg = Fat mass -Reference fat mass at constant hydration.
Muscular Mass kg= Skeletal Muscular Mass -Skeletal Muscular Mass of ref.
Water volume L= Total water without fat tissue water -Reference value for total water without fattissue water.
Indexes
The indexes located under the target can help assess the balance of the individual. The index range is 0 to 2, the reference value being 1.
The index value of the fat mass may be higher than 2 but only in the case of severe obesity.
If the values are in orange or in red, this is a warning signal.
Calculation principle:
For the fat, muscle andbone mass indices the index is calculated fromthe value calculated on the reference value.
For muscle load, this is the muscle mass indexdivided by the bone mineral content index Fortotal load, the calculation is as follows: ((Fatmass index + muscle mass index) /2)/ bone mineral content.
Fat Mass: If the index is above 1, the patient has excess fat.
The colour of the value will indicate if the gap with the reference value (1) is an issue to be monitored. If the index is below 1 but the value is in green, there is nothing to worry about.
If the index is in light green, the gap with the reference value is getting close to orange or red. The Fat Mass is getting too low or too high and is to be monitored.
Warning: If this index is too high and in orange : Risk of Obesity– If the index is too high and in red : obesity– If the indew is too low and red : risk or hormonal imbalance.
Muscle Mass : If the index is above 1, the muscle mass is good. The higher the index, the higher the muscle mass. If the index is above 1 and in green, the muscle mass is close to the reference value. If the index is in light green the muscle mass is slightly low and should not decrease. If the index is orange, the muscle mass is too low and if red, the muscle mass is much too low.
Warning: If the index is light green the muscle mass should be monitored (except for vegetarians who naturally have a light muscle mass because of their nutrition) - If the index is orange or red, other indicators should be checked such as appendicular skeletal muscle mass and the sarcopenia index, the Body Cell Mass , the metabolic proteins and the phase angle.
Bone Mineral : If the index is 1 or above, this is good. The higher the index, the higher the bone mineral content. If the index is below 1 and in green, the bone mass is close to the reference.
From the light green, the age of the person will be taken into account to assess the risk of lowor too low bone mass.
Warning: If light green, the bone mass is to be monitored - If orange - a DEXA scan should be prescribed to verify the risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis.
If the index is red- a DEXA scan must be prescribed because the risk of osteopenia or sarcopenia is high.
Muscle Load and Total Load: the skeleton, the tendons between the muscles and the bones and the joints are put under more or less strain depending on the muscle mass and total weight of the patient. A high level of strain can cause damages. The ratio between the skeleton and the muscle mass and weight is an important indicator.
Warning: If the indexes are orange or red, the load is too high and can lead to injuries.
Each “Tile” of analysis illustrates a different indicator
Body Element : The measured body compartment, for example: Crude Fat Mass
Unit : The calculation mode in kilo, litre or percentage.
Calculated Value : The value which has been calculated from the measurement.
Estimated Reference: The value used to calculate the theoretical gap.
Theoretical Gap: The difference between the result of the patient’s measurement and the reference value. The color of the values indicate if the patient is within the standard (green), close to the standard (light green), to be monitored (orange), to be treated (red)
Tube Graph: The position of the cursor (Triangle) indicates the level calculated for the patient. The colors in the tube indicate if the patient is within the standard (green), close to the standard (light green), to monitor (orange), to be treated (red).
History: This is the difference between themeasurement of the day and the previousmeasurement(s) (the graph is presented for thelast 4 measurements), a click on history willallow you to view all the results for thisindicator).
Additional Information : Located at the bottom of the tile
1. Basal Metabolic Rate
This is the energy expenditure necessary to maintain the body’s vital functions when it is at rest. It is given on a 24-hour basis. It is essential for assessing daily energy expenditure in both sports and medical environments.
Warning: If the cursor is in the orange and especially if in the red. Undernutrition, serious diseases, obesity, sports monitoring, prevention.
Tiles to check in priority:
Fat-free dry mass, Crude fat mass, Energy expenditure, Recommended energy intake.
Calculation method :
Formula based on the Harris and Benedict formula, but readjusted to replace the person's weight by their dry non-fatmass.
Basel Metabolism calculation method: Harris and Benedickt.
2. Energy Expenditure
This is the total amount of energy expended by the body during a 24-hour day. It is the Basal Metabolic Rate multiplied by the level of physical activity.
This tile gives also the recommended energy intakes: The right balance is to have a balanced diet in calories in relation to energy expenditure. People with excess fat will therefore be advised to eat a slightly lower calorie diet (-5 to -20%) which will allow them to gradually reduce this excess. By increasing the level of activity, and therefore the energy expenditure, the excess fat will decrease.
Warning: If the cursor is in orange or red.
serious diseases, obesity, sportsmonitoring, prevention.
Tiles to check in priority:
Calculation method :
Method of calculating energy expenditure: Coefficients applied to the basic metabolism (MB) :
MB very low * 1. 2
MB low * 1. 4
MB medium * 1. 6
MB high * 1. 8
MB very high * 2
3. Fat Mass At Constant Hydratation
The % fat mass is calculated from the weight offat mass and the total weight. With the samefat mass in kg, an overhydrated person will havea higher weight due to excess water andconsequently a lower % fat mass. On the basisof the concept of "Constant hydration fatmass"; the virtual weight of the person at idealhydration is calculated. In these conditions theresult of the fat mass in % will not be distortedby the fluctuation of the hydration level, there fore of the weight and consequently of the% fat mass.
Warning: If too high Orange: Excess fat and risk of obesity— If too high in Red: Obesity. In both cases cardiovascular risks, metabolic risks, risk of type II diabetes—If too low in red: Risk of hormonal disruption especially in women.
Tiles to check in priority:
Cardiovascular risks—Metabolic risks—Basal metabolism rate—Energy expenditure—Body cell mass—Fat free hydration level.
Calculation method:
Constant hydration fat mass: We recalculate the person's weight at ideal hydration, then divide the fat mass in kg by this readjusted weight to obtain a constant hydration %.
4. Dry Fat Free Mass
The Dry Fat Free Mass is the Fat Free Mass without water, it is the proteins and minerals. The analysis of the evolution of the Dry Fat Free Mass is particularly interesting if the patient is following a diet. If the history shows a regular or considerable decrease of the Fat Free Mass this means that the body is using up its protein reserve which is not advisable.
Warning: If pale green: to be monitored—Orange: Significant deficiency, poor food and physical hygiene, risk of sarcopenia and undernutrition—Red: Significant risk of undernutrition, serious pathologies.
Tiles to check in priority:
Phase Angle, Metabolic protein mass, Body cell mass, Basal metabolic rate, Bone mineral content.
Calculation method :
Calculation of the Dry Masswithout Fat (calculated): Dry Mass without Fat -Total Water Calculation of the Reference Valueof the Dry Mass without Fat: The reference DryMass without Fat is assessed individually, basedon the individual's own calculated dry mass. Thereference dry mass excluding fat will thereforetake into account the individual's dry masscalculated at time T, corrected by his positive ornegative skeletal muscle mass status, and inthe same way the difference in the value ofextracellular solids compared to the estimatedreference.
5. Body Cell Mass
The Body Cell Mass is the set of metabolically active cells in our body. It is essentially composed ofintracellular water, metabolic proteins, intracellular minerals and glycogen contained inorgans such as the heart, brain, viscera, muscles. . . .
There are 2 important elements to monitor:
- The amount of metabolic proteinin relation to total BCM
- The volume of intracellular water (ICW)
For example, the performance level of athletes can be affected by the hydration level of this cell mass.
One must be careful with diets that do not provide enough protein, because the body to function will draw on its reserves mainly muscular. Muscle mass decreases and there fore there is a decrease inactive cell mass.
Calculation method:
Method of calculating thecalculated BCM: Addition of intracellular water+ metabolic proteins + intracellular bone-freeminerals. Reference BCM Calculation Method: Calculated from the reference metabolic proteinmass to which the reference intracellular waterplus the reference intracellular non-boneminerals are added.
6.
Skeletal Muscle Mass
This is what is commonly referred to as “the muscles”. There are about 600 of them and they are attached to the skeleton. This tile is more suitable for the sports and fitness sector than the appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Skeletal Muscle Mass contains also a certain amount of water contrary to Dry Fat Free Mass.
Warning: If pale green: to be monitored—Orange: Significant deficiency, poor food and physical hygiene, risk of sarcopenia and undernutrition—Red: Significant risk of undernutrition, serious pathologies.
Tiles to check in priority:
Phase Angle, Metabolic protein mass, Body cell mass, Basal metabolic rate, Bone mineral content.
Reference value for Skeletal Muscle Mass:
Contrary to the dry mass excluding fat, this reference value is not based on the individual him self, because it would not show an increased muscle mass as in some athletes, or in active obese people. It is calculated from the normalfat free mass to which is applied a % of normalskeletal muscle mass given in the literature(this % is different according to sex) Calculationof normal fat free mass from the FFMI IndexFFMI Index = Weight of fat free mass / Ht²(height is in meters) Ref index of fat free mass(FFMI) = 19. 1kg/m² for men and 15. 9 kg/m²for women.
Percentage of skeletal muscle mass over non-fat mass for a healthy person is 49% for womenand 51% for men. Reference Fat Free Mass: Index of ref(FFMI) * per Ht² of the subject
Reference Skeletal Muscle Mass in kg = Ref * %ref fat free mass of Ref * % ref skeletal muscle mass
Ratio on Fat Free Mass = Ratio of the Skeletal Muscle Mass on Fat Free Mass.
7. Fat Free Hydratation Level
Fundamental data, this tile is to be checked systematically, as well as its evolution. While the water level in the fat layer is constant, the water level in other tissues is constantly changing. This indicator provides a good representation of the person’s hydration regardless of the body fat percentage. The reference value is 72.5%, but can vary depending on the individual, the time of day... The most important is to have a hydration level higher than 68% and lower than 76%. The result must be moderated on people with a high proportion of fat mass, as fat water in these patients can be a lower %, which consequently leads to a lower % of fat-free hydration.
Warning: If in the orange and especially if in the red. Follow-up of the elderly, of all persons with pathologies, follow-up of athletes, prevention.
Tiles to check in priority:
Total Water - Water balance - Water balance excluding fat - Active cell mass - Phase angle
Reference values:
Method of calculation of non-fat hydration: on the basis of total water in litres minus fat water in litres reduced to a value in % Reference value for non-fat hydration: on the basis of publications and an analysis of a thousand measurements.
8. Water Balance (ECW/ICW)
Fundamental data, this tile is to be checked systematically, as well as its evolution. This is the ratio between intracellular and extracellular water. It also varies according to the individual. it is important that this indicator lies within a deviation of no more than + or - 3 points from the reference value. One of the main causes of imbalance is due to excess or insufficient sodium.
Extracellular Water + Intracellular Water = Total Body Water
Warning: If in the orange and especially if in the red. Renal, hepatic, cardiac, lymphedema, unbalanced diet, poor nutrition, sports monitoring.
Tiles to check in priority:
Total body water—Fat free hydration level— Fat-free water balance—Body cell mass.
Calculation method:
Acronyms used
ECW =Extra Cellular Water = Extra Cellular Water
ICW= Intra Cellular Water = Intra Cellular Water
TBW=Total Body Water = Total Water
ExtraCellular Water in L calculated value: Equation(ECW) published by Deurenberg.
Intra-cellular water (ICW): Total water (TBW) - ECWCalculation of the reference value of the water balance: In the literature a 40/60 average balance is given for total water.
Our findings onthousands of measures is that this balance isslightly different between men and women. Wehave therefore adjusted this reference.
The “water balance” indicator represents the global water balance, that is to say the total extra-cellular water and the total intra-cellular water, more precisely the balance between ECW and ICW in the total body water.
This balance depends on several factors such as the sodium/potassium balance.
The sodium is inside the ECW and the potassium is inside the ICW.
It is necessary to take into account that:
•The intra/ extra cellular water distribution is not the same in fat tissues and in non-fat tissues
•The water in non fat tissues is distributed as follows: 38% in ECW and 62% in ICW* for a Man/ 42% ECW and 58% ICW for a woman (theoretical values).
This ratio can vary:
•The water inside fat tissues is distributed as follows: 80% in ECW and 20 % in ICW. This ratio is fixed for both men and women, it does not vary.
•The global water balance will vary according to the Fat Mass Rate.
•A good water balance depends not only on the ECW/ICW distribution but also on the global water level.
It is possible to observe a good global water level but not well distributed between ECW and ICW.
It is also possible to observe an insufficient global water level or a high water level but a good ECW/ ICW distribution.
IV)Additional Information
What is the energy capacity ?
The point on the energy capacity This is thebody's reserve of calories, therefore the body'senergy reserve. That's how we're breakingdown our reserves:
The body matters are converted into calories to determine the energy reserve. This analysis allows to monitor a patient’s energy capacity during a diet and to know if the person has followed accurately the food plan.
THE PHASE ANGLE (PhA) and THE IMPEDANCE REPORT (IR)
Phase Angle (PHA)
The phase angle gives information on the resistance of the cell membrane to the electric current.
A decrease of the resistance of the cell leads to a decrease of the phase angle.
It is increasingly used in undernutrition and for people with serious illnesses(Cancer . . . ) because it is also a predictor of mortality risk.
It is increasingly used in undernutrition and for people with serious illnesses(Cancer . . . ) because it is also a predictor of mortality risk.
It is also a predictor of mortality risk. For more information, we recommend that you read this publication: KYLE, Ursula G. , GENTON GRAF, Laurence, PICHARD, Claude. Low phase angle determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis is associated with malnutrition and nutritional risk at hospital admission. Clinical Nutrition, 2013, vol. 32, no. 2, p. 294-299.
The studies give us only average results, but converge to admit that we enter a critical threshold (Cut off) if the Phase is below 4. 6 for women and 5 for men.
Apart from the Cut off above, it is difficult to give a precise reference value for each individual, as its phase depends on too many parameters (sex, but also size, muscle mass, active cell mass, activity level . . . ). This is why, unlike our other indicators, we do not give a reference value for a particular individual. However, with a little experience, one can fairly quickly identify whether the phase angle is high or low in relation to the person's profile.
General:
The taller, more muscular and younger people are, the higher the phase angle.
The phase in women is lower than in men because their active cell mass is proportionally lower, which of course does not mean that they are in poorer health.
Athletes who have developed a large muscle mass, will therefore have a higher phase than a standard individual of the same size, this does not mean that the individual as well as the standard individual is not in good health.
However, on the same individual, a decrease in phase angle will correspond to a decrease in cell reactivity and/or active cell mass.
For the follow-up of high level athletes it is also an interesting tool for monitoring their physical condition and for evaluations in extreme environments or before a competition.
The phase angle as an indicator of fitness and health
Some examples of results of people around 30, average height around 163 cm for women and 173 cm for men :
- Women with low to medium physical activity:
Phase angle should be between 5,5 and 6,5.
- Women with high physical activity or sport:
Phase angle should be between 6,5 and 8.
- Men w
ith low to medium physical activity or sport:
Phase angle should be between 6 and 7,5.
-
Men with high physical activity or sport:
Phase angle should be between 7 and 9.
For short people, the phase angle is a little lower and for tall people it is a little higher, which can exceed 10° in some very tall male athletes with highly developed muscles. The taller, more muscular and younger people are, the higher the phase angle.
From the age of 60 to 70 year, the phase angle tends to decrease and very old people naturally have a very low PhA (for example, for a woman of about 100 years old, it can go down to 3 without suffering from a serious disease other than ageing and cell depletion).
From the age of 60 to 70 year, the phase angle tends to decrease and very old people naturally have a very low PhA (for example, for a woman of about 100 years old, it can go down to 3 without suffering from a serious disease other than ageing and cell depletion).
Phase angle as Cut off from risk of serious disease
– Women: 4. 6 - Men: 5
Follow-up in the history of the phase angle
The phase angle generally varies little (+/;- 0. 2 °) between 2 measurements:
- If it decreases in a punctual way, it may correspond to a punctual decrease in shape and/or a punctual health problem.
- If it drops significantly and/or regularly it may be due to a more serious cause. In the latter case, it will be important to take regular measurements every week or every two weeks, and if the phase angle continues to decrease regularly (history), it is advisable to carry out additional tests prescribed by a health professional.
The phase angle as "confidence index" of the measurement
If the phase angle is extremely low (2° below the minimum values indicated) or extremely high (2° above the maximum values indicated) in relation to the profile of the person, it may be a case of poor contact at the electrodes. In these cases, we recommend that you carry out a control measurement.
Some examples of correct measurements
Female 45 years old very small (149 cm)
Result above 5° but OK because very small size and female sex
Female 28 years old large (175 cm) but low activity level
Result OK because low activity, female sex and phase angle above 5°
Female 27 years old (163 cm) medium activity level
Result OK
Female 32 years old (163 cm) high activity level
Result OK
Female 26 years old (176 cm) high level sport
Result OK above 8 but large size and especially high activity level
Female 100 years old (147 cm) very low activity
Result OK because very old with low cell mass
Female in her forties (163 cm) with a malignant tumour
Result OK because in the prime of life and of medium size
Some examples of incorrect measurements
52-year-old woman (152 cm) low activity
Incoherent result because of small size, low activity and phase angle much greater than 6. 5°
63-year-old woman (165 cm) medium activity
Incoherent result because significantly greater than 6. 5
The impédance Report
(IR)
Concerning the IR (impedance ratio
)
The bioelectrical impedance ratio is the relationship between impedance measurements at high and low frequencies (200/5 kHz). The result is mainly a representation of excellent, normal or abnormal fluid and electrolyte distribution.
For example, citation in the publication « Abnormal Fluid Distribution and Low Handgrip Strength Index as Predictors of Mortality in Mexican Patients with Chronic Heart Failure »*:
« We included 546 hospitalized patients with stable heart failure (53. 3% men ) in a prospective observational study. The presence of an abnormal liquid distribution was determined with a bioelectrical impedance ratio (200/5 kHz) ≥0,85. » « impedance index can be a reliable and effective approach to detect fluid movement from intracellular to extracellular compartments independent of changes in body weight. »
One of the advantages of IR over PhA is that it is not influenced by a person's height, weight or level of muscle mass, allowing stable reference values to be established. There are only a few publications on IR, as it has only recently become apparent that IR can be an extremely interesting marker.
The few studies that we have at our disposal converge towards the interest that can be drawn from this simple data to obtain from Biody Xpert, both in many diseases (heart and kidney failure, lymphedema, gastrointestinal, cancer, inflammation . . . ), as well as in sports.
What we found after statistical analysis of measurements made with Biody Xpert :
- For the women around forty and with an average height, the IR is generally between 0. 750 and 0. 810 , but more generally between 0. 770 and 0. 800
-
For the men around forty and with an average height , the IR is generally between 0. 730 and 0. 800, but more generally between 0. 760 and 0. 790
-Athletes and/or people with a healthy lifestyle and good physical activity are in the lower ranges (0. 730 and 0. 770 , which is probably a way of monitoring their physical condition.
- The higher the IR is above 0. 820, the more people with a risk of pathology with a cut-off from 0. 840 corresponding to people with a pathology, which corresponds to published data.
- As we get older (from 60 to 70 years of age, depending on the case, and earlier in women than in men), IR tends to increase, particularly in women. The reason for this should be explained in further studies.
- Beyond a certain age (85 to 100 years) the IR readings that we currently have are very high and can exceed 0. 900 to 100 years. We do not yet have enough measurements of people of this age to validate this information, but it already seems credible. The reason for this should be explained in further studies.
Publications you can consult :
*Abnormal Fluid Distribution and Low Handgrip Strength Index as Predictors of Mortality in Mexican Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Lilia Castillo-Mart´ınez PhD , Wendy D Rodr´ıguez-Garc´ıa PhD ,
Dulce G Gonz´ alez-Islas PhD , Arturo Orea-Tejeda MD ,
Mariel Lozada-Mellado MSc , Juan Rodr´ıguez Silverio PhD, Juan Gerardo Reyes-Garc´ıa PhD / PII: S0899-9007(19)30258-8 : DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.110699 Reference: NUT 110699 Accepted date: 26 November 2019
Impact of oedema on recovery after major abdominal surgery and potential value of multifrequency bioimpedance measurements
E. Itobi1, M. Stroud2 and M Elia2 Department of Surgery and 2Institute of Human Nutrition, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
Phase angle and impedance ratio: Two specular ways to analyze body composition
Emanuele Rinninella1*; Marco Cintoni1; Giovanni Addolorato2; Silvia Triarico3; Antonio Ruggiero3; Alessia Perna4; Gabriella Silvestri4; Antonio Gasbarrini2; Maria Cristina Mele1
1- Clinical Nutrition, Gastroenterology Area, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy
2- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy
3- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy
4- Department of Neurology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy
Tissue electrical properties measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis among healthy and sportsmen population
Dominik Kapica1, Joanna Warchulińska2, Monika Jakubiak2, Mariusz Teter2, Radosław Mlak2,
Magdalena Hałabiś3, Waldemar Wójcik1, Teresa Małecka-Massalska2 1Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland; 2Department of Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 3Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Correlation between PhA and IR
Below are some examples of women oncology staff
Warning : PhA cut-off: 4. 6 minimum value and IR cut-off 0. 840 maximum value
Example 1 of results on women subjects with advanced cancer whose PhA is below its cut-off and whose IR is above its cut-off :
PhA 3,2 – IR 0,857 / PhA 3,7 - IR 0,883 / PhA 4 - IR 0,879 -/ PhA 4,4 – IR 0,850 / -PhA 4,5 – IR 0,870
Example 2 of results on women subjects in oncology departments whose PhA above her cut-off and IR above her cut-off:
PhA 4,6 – IR 0,854 / PhA 4,7 - IR 0,854 / PhA 4,8 - IR 0,849 -/ PhA 4,9 – IR 0,845 / -PhA 5 – IR 0,847
Example 3 of results on women subjects in oncology departments whose PhA is above her cut-off and IR is below her cut-off:
PhA 5,1 – IR 0,830 / PhA 5,2 - IR 0,829 / PhA 5,3 - IR 0,823 -/ PhA 5,4 – IR 0,819 / -PhA 5,5 – IR 0,825
Conclusion: the lower the PhA, the higher the IR, but one can have a high IR even with a PhA above its cut-off.
The two data are therefore well complementary between the state of cell mass, fluid distribution and inflammatory state.
Example of correlation between phase angle and impedance ratio on more than 800 measurements performed with Biody Xpert on a population of women subjects in an oncology department.